1) Regarding Sparks' history of the relation between "marxism" and cultural studies: It seems like a lot of the critiques pose academic labor as intellectual, and thus maybe even removed from the process of proletarianization. Was this endemic to a Western-centered thinking? Or is it best historicized within the horizon of British academic exceptionalism (which took itself as having laid the foundations for Western--colonial--academic tradition)? I bet this has something to do with Gramsci's "intellectuals"--something I still don't really have a grasp on.
2) Regarding "marxism without guarantees:" Is not Hall's (and to an arguable greater degree, Williams') maintenance of the category of 'working class,' met with an insistence of a step outside of market ideology, not itself elitist--at least in how it maintains, as well, an omniscient 'reader' of culture implicit in the figure of the intellectual? Does the intellectual labor have the same positivity as an artist? It just seems like I haven't fully grasped how implicated the intellectual is supposed to feel within the production (and consumption) of culture. Speaking, of course, as someone who is conscious of my own erratic and, let's be honest, problematic affirmative consumption.
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